Sears-Haack body
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Explanationedit
Sears-Haack body is the theoretical fuselage design that produces the most efficient supersonic flight for a certain volume and diameter with the lowest possible wave drag. The area distribution is as smooth as possible and it follows a profile as shown in the picture.
Frequently Asked Questionsedit
Does the Sears-Haack body follow Whitcomb’s area rule?edit
No, it does not. The area rule finds its application in the reduction of wave drag at transonic speeds. Sears-Haack body is a theoretical shape for supersonic flow, derived from the Prandtl-Glauert equation, which itself is valid only in subsonic and supersonic flows and not in a transonic flow.
Why rockets are not shaped like Sears-Haack body?edit
A rocket's design can be influenced by numerous factors like mission requirements, economic restraints, stability and control, and other such practical requirements. While it is aerodynamically efficient to adapt the shape from the Sears-Haack body for supersonic wave drag reduction, the need for tail fins, and space for engines at the tail section and payload at the nose contribute to the typical shape of the rockets you see. In fact changing the overall shape at the tail section helps improve stability by moving the centre of pressure aft the centre of gravity.